Premature Set
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- Abrupt change from heavy to light-body material
- Muted detail around margin
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- Set time of wash/tray material not synched
- Exceeded working time of material
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- Begin mix of heavy and light viscosity concurrently
- Verify set times for heavy and light viscosities match
- Observe working time of materials
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Deformation/Dimensional Change
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- Crowns too tall/short
- Open contacts
- Crown will not seat
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- Insufficient mix of material
- Impression removed too early
- Tray movement after seating
- Insufficient material elasticity
- Fluid absorption during disinfection process
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- Verify material is adequately mixed before seating and completely set prior to removal
- Use passive force to maintain tray position when using open-bite technique
- Verify no tooth contact with tray sides or impingement in closed-bite technique
- Choose material with adequate elasticity
- Follow disinfection protocol carefully
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Tearing at Margin
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- Visible tears at margin
- Lack of flash extending apically around entire preparation
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- Material has insufficient tear strength
- Presence of severe undercuts
- Insufficient sulcular expansion
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- Use material with adequate tear strength
- Consider blocking out undercuts, especially in cases with gingival recession
- Ensure at least .5 mm sulcular expansion
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Surface Inhibition or “Non-set”
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- Unset or mottled surface around preparation
- Lack of detail
- Shiny/wet appearance
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- Contamination due to latex gloves; direct contact with material or residue left on teeth
- Contamination due to temporary materials or composite
- Expired material or exceeded material shelf life
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- Use latex-free gloves when handling VPS material
- Rinse preparation area thoroughly after using other restorative materials
- Use automated mixing device to minimize exposure to contaminants
- Do not use expired material
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Poor model detail
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- Small bubbles/indentations in cast
- Powdery cusps
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- Release of hydrogen gas from VPS impression after pouring cast
- Tooth contact with mesh lining of closed-bite impression tray
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- Follow manufacturer instructions regarding any delays for pouring models after taking impression
- Place cotton roll on contra-lateral side when using closed-bite trays to prevent direct tooth contact with tray; this prevents water from leaching through tray after cast has been poured
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Voids in wash material
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- Visible voids in wash material around tooth preparation
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- Bubbles incorporated into material during mixing or loading syringe
- Bubbles incorporated while syringing material intraorally
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- Use automix systems
- Syringe material intraorally in continuous stream around each preparation; do not lift syringe tip from material
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Insufficient or excessive compression
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- Insufficient: wash material flows away from preparation area
- Excessive: wash material displaced from preparation area; “burn through”
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• Insufficient compression of wash material from adjacent tooth/tray or heavy-body material
• Excessive compression of wash material due to high viscosity of tray material
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- Use tray viscosity material with greater compressive force, or use custom tray
- Use tray material with lower viscosity to avoid displacing wash material
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Incomplete margin
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- Voids or “jumps” on margin
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- Inadequate tissue management
- Contamination from intraoral fluids
- Insufficient compression of wash material
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- Use Expasyl™ retraction paste to open sulcus and help maintain dry field
- Use hydrophilic wash material
- Select tray viscosity with adequate compression
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- Incorrect size tray
- Tray seating not aligned with dentition
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- Verify tray has enough room for 2 mm of impression material between tooth and tray walls
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